Boxing Day is a
public holiday celebrated in the
United Kingdom,
Canada,
New Zealand and
Australia and many other members of the
Commonwealth of Nations on
December 26, the day after
Christmas Day;
[1][2].
[edit] Origins
Boxing Day is a traditional celebration, dating back to the Middle Ages, and consists of the practice of giving out gifts to employees, the poor, or to people in a lower
social class. The name has numerous
folk etymologies[3]; the
Oxford English Dictionary attributes it to the
Christmas box; the verb
box meaning: "To give a
Christmas-box (colloq.); whence
boxing-day." Outside the Commonwealth, the day is celebrated with a different name.
[edit] Folk etymologies
The more common stories include:
- It was the day when people would give a present or Christmas box to those who had worked for them throughout the year.
- In feudal times, Christmas was a reason for a gathering of extended families. All the serfs would gather their families in the manor of their lord, which made it easier for the lord of the estate to hand out annual stipends to the serfs. After all the Christmas parties on 26 December, the lord of the estate would give practical goods such as cloth, grains, and tools to the serfs who lived on his land. Each family would get a box full of such goods the day after Christmas. Under this explanation, there was nothing voluntary about this transaction; the lord of the manor was obliged to supply these goods. Because of the boxes being given out, the day was called Boxing Day.
- In England many years ago, it was common practice for the servants to carry boxes to their employers when they arrived for their day's work on the day after Christmas. Their employers would then put coins in the boxes as special end-of-year gifts. This can be compared with the modern day concept of Christmas bonuses. The servants carried boxes for the coins, hence the name Boxing Day.
- In churches, it was traditional to open the church's donation box on Christmas Day, and the money in the donation box was to be distributed to the poorer or lower class citizens on the next day. In this case, the "box" in "Boxing Day" comes from that lockbox in which the donations were left.
- Boxing Day was the day when the wren, the king of birds,[4] was captured and put in a box and introduced to each household in the village when he would be asked for a successful year and a good harvest. See Frazer's Golden Bough.
- Evidence can also be found in Wassail songs such as:
Where are you going ? said Milder to Malder, Oh where are you going ? said Fessel to Foe, I'm going to hunt the cutty wren said Milder to Malder, I'm going to hunt the cutty wren said John the Rednose. And what will you do wi' it ? said Milder to Malder, And what will you do wi' it ? said Fessel to Foe, I'll put it in a box said Milder to Malder, I'll put it in a box said John the Rednose.
- Because the staff had to work on such an important day as Christmas by serving the master of the house and their family, they were given the following day off. As servants were kept away from their own families to work on a traditional religious holiday and were not able to celebrate Christmas Dinner, the customary benefit was to "box" up the leftover food from Christmas Day and send it away with the servants and their families.
[edit] Date
In common usage,
26 December is continually referred to as Boxing Day whichever day of the week it occurs on.
[5] If it falls on a Sunday then in countries where it is a
Bank Holiday the
Statutory Holiday is moved to Monday
27 December to ensure a day without work.
[6][7][8] As Christmas Day would therefore be a Saturday, Tuesday
28 December is also declared as a holiday in lieu.
In some Commonwealth countries, fixed-date holidays falling on Saturday or Sunday are often observed on the next weekday, so if Boxing Day falls on a Saturday then Monday
28 December is a public holiday; in the UK and other countries this is accomplished by Royal Proclamation.
If Christmas Day falls on a Sunday itself then the Boxing Day holiday is automatically on Monday
26 December, and no
Royal Proclamation is required. In such a circumstance, a 'substitute bank holiday in lieu of Christmas Day' is declared for Tuesday
27 December, this being the next available working day - thus the Boxing Day holiday occurs before the substitute Christmas holiday.
Although the same legislation (
Bank Holidays Act 1871) originally established the Bank Holidays throughout the
British Isles, the holiday after Christmas was defined as Boxing Day in
England and Wales and
St Stephen's Day for
Ireland. St Stephen's Day is fixed as the
26 December.
[9]
While Boxing Day is actually on December 26 many retailers who hold
Boxing Day Sales will actually run these sales for several days following December 26 often up to
New Years Eve.
have opened, although, I do feel for the staff and their families.
