I've been lurking for a while, but I have very strong feelings on this subject, particularly arts in education. Here goes my rant
It really bothers me to think that with government budget cuts education always takes a huge blow. Education develops our future. It's interesting what that reveals about our values as a society. I've seen entire elementary schools closed, middle schools consolidated, and university department cuts where I live.
Regarding the university level, I attend a large urban public school (40,000 students). Our business and engineering departments in particular have been graduating students that cannot write or communicate at a college level. The university hired a special tutoring staff for the business department. Someone might argue that these departments bring money into the school, but they faculty turns out machines that don't have any communication or analytic thinking skills. This is probably the only reason that the university hasn't made larger cuts to the English (my dept) and humanities departments. The English sector is so short on funding that faculty members look for grants in other departments, and the undergraduate literary journal receives no financial support from our own department.
Also, the importance of arts programs in schools isn't necessarily to create artists, but rather to foster creativity. For a scientist to make a groundbreaking discovery, they must think creatively, not in linear terms. Great thinkers in the sciences and technologies have the greatest creative capacities amongst their peers. Regarding doctors-- students who perform the best in medical school and onward are typically the ones that score the highest on the verbal portions of their tests. My friends studying medicine who score at the top of their class and will undoubtedly succeed, have strong backgrounds in music, art, literature, etc. Doctors must also know how to deal with real human beings.
The sciences are inherently creative and humanistic in their real applications. We communicate through language (most often narratives) and visuals in every field, and only creativity leads to innovation and real improvements. If anyone has been through a public high school lately, science and math curricula typically don't encourage creativity. Instead, those classes educate students out of the creativity that they will need in the future.
As a student of literature, I realize how ridiculous some of our abstract discussions of aesthetic theory might sound (and sometimes are). I do believe in the creative nature of arts, the communal nature of arts, and the ethical benefits of the arts. I also know that communities which value the arts along with the sciences, appear to foster not only the most innovation, but the most understanding amongst individuals. Beyond literature, arts unlike other academic disciplines educate the entire body, especially dance. One might connect this to our health problems in the United States.
I've grown up with both science and art (I studied engineering in high school). Regarding funding outside of schools, most of my dance education growing up has been at local community/recreation centers. While I've focused on literature (my field), I believe this discussion can be easily applied to visual and performing arts.
I'll stop there, but to supplement my rant, please watch this lecture by Sir Ken Robinson about creativity in education : www. youtube.com/watch?v=iG9CE55wbtY
He specifically mentions dance in education, and the educative hierarchies.